An investigation into interoperable end-to-end mobile web service security

The capacity to engage in web services transactions on smartphones is growing as these devices become increasingly powerful and sophisticated. This capacity for mobile web services is being realised through mobile applications that consume web services hosted on larger computing devices. This thesis investigates the effect that end-to-end web services security has on the interoperability between mobile web services requesters and traditional web services providers. SOAP web services are the preferred web services approach for this investigation. Although WS-Security is recognised as demanding on mobile hardware and network resources, the selection of appropriate WS-Security mechanisms lessens this burden. An attempt to implement such mechanisms on smartphones is carried out via an experiment. Smartphones are selected as the mobile device type used in the experiment. The experiment is conducted on the Java Micro Edition (Java ME) and the .NET Compact Framework (.NET CF) smartphone platforms. The experiment shows that the implementation of interoperable, end-to-end, mobile web services security on both platforms is reliant on third-party libraries. This reliance on third-party libraries results in poor developer support and exposes developers to the complexity of cryptography. The experiment also shows that there are no standard message size optimisation libraries available for both platforms. The implementation carried out on the .NET CF is also shown to rely on the underlying operating system. It is concluded that standard WS-Security APIs must be provided on smartphone platforms to avoid the problems of poor developer support and the additional complexity of cryptography. It is recommended that these APIs include a message optimisation technique. It is further recommended that WS-Security APIs be completely operating system independent when they are implemented in managed code. This thesis contributes by: providing a snapshot of mobile web services security; identifying the smartphone platform state of readiness for end-to-end secure web services; and providing a set of recommendations that may improve this state of readiness. These contributions are of increasing importance as mobile web services evolve from a simple point-to-point environment to the more complex enterprise environment

The unsettling of colonialist and nationalist spaces : John Eppel's writings on Zimbabwe

The Rhodesian and Zimbabwean space-time involved the creation and adoption of hegemonic discourses that influenced ways of behavior, thinking, perceiving reality and particular ways of identity construction based on mystifying nationalisms. In raced and politically charged spaces, such grand narratives depended, for their currency, on stereotypes, essentialisms, domination and dichotomization of ‘nation as narration’. The metanarratives of the two spaces functioned as discursive tools for the legitimation of particular forms of exclusions, elisions and distortions. As discursive and polemical literary tools, these discourses always found sustenance and perpetuation in the existence of a different other. In other words, these constructed narratives sought to use difference as a basis for scapegoating and naturalizing racial, economic, political and resource asymmetries in the Rhodesian and Zimbabwean spaces. Power was wielded not in the service of, but against, the majority who are marginalized. This study explores John Eppel’s writings on the constructions of both Rhodesia and Zimbabwe as ideological spaces for the legitimation of power based on class, race and politics. I argue that Eppel’s selected writings are a literary intervention that proffers a satirically dissident critique of the foundational myths, symbols and narratives of Rhodesian and Zimbabwean space-time. The study argues that Eppel offers literary resistance to unproblematized identity compositions predicated on socially constructed but skewed categories that limit the contours of belonging and citizenship. The Rhodesian space is viewed as a palimpsest upon which is overwritten the Zimbabwean patriotic discourse that also authorize racism, marginalization, power abuse and other forms of exclusion. In examining Eppel’s satiric disruption of both spaces, I use certain strands of the Postcolonial Theory that problematize issues of nation, identity, race, tribe and power. Its usefulness lies in its rejection of fixities, of absolutes and in its general counter-hegemonic thrust. I therefore invoke the theorizations of Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Maria Lara, Paul Gilroy, Mikhail Bakhtin and Benita Parry. These form the theoretical base with which the study confronts Eppel’s writings on Rhodesia and Zimbabwe. The focal texts used are: Absent: The English Teacher (2009), selected short stories in White Man Crawling (2007) and The Caruso of Colleen Bawn (2004), The Holy Innocents (2002), Hatchings (2006), selected poems from Spoils of War (1989), Songs my Country Taught me: Selected Poems 1965-2005(2005) and D.G.G.Berry’s The Great North Road (1992). I conclude by arguing that Eppel creates a fictional life-world where race, origin, politics, class and culture are figured as polarizing identity markers that should be re-negotiated and even transcended in order to materialize a more inclusive multicultural society. To the extent that both the colonial and post-independence eras cross-fertilize each other in terms of occlusions, creating hegemonic narratives, resort to race, violence, silencing and erasure of certain subjectivities, Eppel advocates the ‘hatching’ of a new national, moral and inclusive ethos that supersedes the claustrophobia of both spaces.English StudiesD. Litt. et Phil.(English

Dissipative solutions to the stochastic Euler equations

We study the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations subject to stochastic forcing. We develop a concept of dissipative martingale solutions, where the nonlinear terms are described by generalised Young measures. We construct these solutions as the vanishing viscosity limit of solutions to the corresponding stochastic Navier-Stokes equations. This requires a refined stochastic compactness method incorporating the generalised Young measures. Our solutions satisfy a form of the energy inequality which gives rise to a weak-strong uniqueness result (pathwise and in law). A dissipative martingale solution coincides (pathwise or in law) with the strong solution as soon as the latter exists

Dissipative solutions to the stochastic Euler equations

We study the three-dimensional incompressible Euler system subject to stochastic forcing. We develop a concept of dissipative martingale solutions, where the nonlinear terms are described by general Young measures. We construct these solutions as the vanishing limit of solutions to the corresponding stochastic Navier-Stokes equations. This requires a refined stochastic compactness method incorporating the generalised Young measures. As a main novelty, our solutions satisfy a form of the energy inequality which gives rise to the weak-strong uniqueness result (pathwise and in law). A dissipative solution coincides (pathwise and in law) with a strong solution as soon as the later exists. Furthermore, we extend our results to the compressible Euler system. Here we introduce the concept of stochastic measure-valued solutions to the compressible Euler system describing the motion of a temperature-dependent inviscid fluid subject to stochastic forcing, where the nonlinear terms are described by defect measures. These solutions are weak in the probabilistic sense (probability space is not given a ‘priori’, but part of the solution) and analytical sense (derivatives only exists in the sense distributions). In particular, we show that existence and weak-strong principle (i.e. a weak measure-valued solution coincides with a strong solution provided the later exists), hold true provided they satisfy some form of energy balance. Finally, we show the existence of Markov selection to the associated martingale problem

Dissipative solutions and Markov selection to the complete stochastic Euler system

We introduce the concept of stochastic measure-valued solutions to the complete Euler system describing the motion of a compressible inviscid fluid subject to stochastic forcing, where the nonlinear terms are described by defect measures. These solutions are weak in the probabilistic sense (probability space is not a given `priori', but part of the solution) and analytical sense (derivatives only exists in the sense distributions). In particular, we show that: existence, weak-strong principle; a weak measure-valued solution coincides with a strong solution provided the later exists, all hold true provided they satisfy some form of energy balance. Finally, we show the existence of strong Markov selection to the associated martingale problem

A toponomastic commemoration of King Mzilikazi: A linguistic landscaping and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs perspectives

This article presents a commemorative dimension of place names named after King Mzilikazi. The Ndebele used names linked to Mzilikazi to refer to some of the important institutions of Bulawayo city, like schools, suburbs, police stations and clinics. This article argues that this prominent use of the name Mzilikazi by the Ndebele in reference to various institutions images their efforts to reconstruct the historical treasures of knowledge they have about their king. Mzilikazi, the first king of the Ndebele people, left an indelible mark on Ndebele toponymy in the city of Bulawayo. This study seeks to unpack this inerasable symbolic legacy. Theoretical frameworks used in this article are linguistic landscaping and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The former theory is used to select various institutions in Bulawayo bearing the name Mzilikazi, while the latter is employed as an instrument to unravel the significance of these selected institutions to Ndebele people across the Zimbabwean landscape. The study concludes that significant historical icons like King Mzilikazi are remembered through place naming since each time these names are mentioned, treasured Ndebele history is immortalised. It is argued that the iconic name Mzilikazi brings up memories of pride, sufficiency, health, belonging and general unity

Apemanship: A critique of the modernization theory in Ngugi"s selected works and Clement Chihota"s"Shipwreck" in No More Plastic Balls

The paper critiques the Modernization Theory through an analysis of three of Ngugi"s selected works and Chihota"s short story "Shipwreck". The paper contends that no society has ever developed on the basis of being copycats or following the philosophy of catching up. Development is inextricably linked to that society"s history, culture and the envisioned future. This paper argues that the Modernization Theory as a development model tries to push Africa by the wayside of its historical continuity and has therefore always been doomed from the start. It argues that a people"s movement into the future is context-bound because borrowed lenses do not make a people see themselves truthfully and holistically. The paper finds that both Ngugi and Chihota represent neo-liberalism as an ideological and historical continuation of the modernization theory that seeks to enforce the "erasure" of the histories and cultures of African countries that was begun by "colonial modernity" in the past.. The paper further contends that the issues concerning any country"s economic development should not be left to the leadership alone. As the artists have hinted, every citizen has the obligation to safeguard their country"s founding national vision, philosophy and ethos. In other words, African leaders of the 21 st century should constantly be monitored for they have a propensity to co-opt foreign ideologies entirely unsuitable for their countries" situations and context

The identification of mammalian species through the classification of hair patterns using image pattern recognition

The identification of mammals through the use of their hair is important in the fields of forensics and ecology. The application of computer pattern recognition techniques to this process provides a means of reducing the subjectivity found in the process, as manual techniques rely on the interpretation of a human expert rather than quantitative measures. The first application of image pattern recognition techniques to the classification of African mammalian species using hair patterns is presented. This application uses a 2D Gabor filter-bank and motivates the use of moments to classify hair scale patterns. Application of a 2D Gabor filter-bank to hair scale processing provides results of 52% accuracy when using a filter bank of size four and 72% accuracy when using a filter-bank of size eight. These initial results indicate that 2D Gabor filters produce information that may be successfully<br /

Mean Square Temporal error estimates for the 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equations with transport noise

We study the 2D Navier-Stokes equation with transport noise subject to periodic boundary conditions. Our main result is an error estimate for the time-discretisation showing a convergence rate of order (up to) 1/2. It holds with respect to mean square error convergence, whereas previously such a rate for the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations was only known with respect to convergence in probability. Our result is based on uniform-in-probability estimates for the continuous as well as the time-discrete solution exploiting the particular structure of the noise